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andy
answered May 2 '23 00:00
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is a Java API that enables Java programs to interact with databases . It provides a standard set of interfaces and classes to connect to and interact with different types of relational databases, such as MySQL , Oracle , or SQL Server .
JDBC uses a driver-based architecture, where a JDBC driver is responsible for establishing a connection between the Java program and the database, and for translating Java calls into database-specific SQL commands. There are four types of JDBC drivers:
Type 1: JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver (uses ODBC to connect to databases)
Type 2: Native-API/partly Java driver (uses native API to connect to databases)
Type 3: Network-protocol/all-Java driver (uses a middle-tier server to connect to databases)
Type 4: Native-protocol/all-Java driver (connects to databases directly using Java)
To use JDBC in a Java program, you need to follow these steps:
Load the JDBC driver: Use the Class.forName() method to load the JDBC driver class into memory.
Establish a connection : Use the DriverManager.getConnection() method to establish a connection to the database.
Create a statement : Use the Connection.createStatement() method to create a Statement object, which can execute SQL commands.
Execute SQL commands : Use the Statement.execute() or Statement.executeUpdate() method to execute SQL commands on the database.
Process the results : Use the ResultSet object returned by the Statement.executeQuery() method to retrieve the results of the SQL command.
Close the resources : Use the close() method to close the Connection, Statement, and ResultSet objects.
JDBC is a powerful tool for Java developers to interact with databases, and it provides a standardized way to work with different types of databases in a consistent and reliable manner.